Spark-plug.



Patefitd Nov. 12, 191a E llllllll Er-25m I "wen/Tor? monmsrs A. A.ZALONDEK.

SPARK PLUG.

- APPLICATION FILED FEB. 13 I913- v WITNESSES W5 aifaw iiasaeiag ciallyvice ln0]l){ rative, and to strumental ANTONE A B'En'r ZALONDEK, orCAPITOL HILL, OKLAHOMA.

SPARK-PLUG.

Specification of Lettersjratent.

a Application filed February 13,1913. Serial No. 748,185.

To all whomrit may concern:

'35s it known that I, ANTONE A. ZALONDEK, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident ofllapitol Hill, in the county ofOklahoma andState of Oklahoma, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Spark-Plugs, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to sparkplugs, a

device used in connection with internal combustion engines, and which,while'in use, is subjected to the most severe taxation, espefromexcessive heat, carbon corrosion, and whichunder the excessive heat willbreak the material necessary for insulation.

To this end,'th erefore, an object of the invention is to provide meansfor preventing the heat from reaching the insulation, to also preventthe carbon from rendering the delengthen the life of the spar creatingmedium.

.In connection with such object, an important object of the invention'is to provide an elongated or extended dead-air chamber, in connectionwith a spark plug, that will be inin preventing the exploded charge fromreaching to the plug insulation. Oils and greases have a tendency toshortcircuit'the plug, rendering the same inoperative, andvthesesubstances usually are shot against the plug during explosions, and tothis end the. said vacuum-chamber will prevent the oil and grease frombeing thrown to Other important objects of the invention will appearfrom a further reading of the following specification.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side view of the improved sparkplug,

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section, and

33 and 4.-4 respectively of Fig. 2. :The present embodiment of theinvention comprises a tubular casing 1 of' conducting material havingits lower end. externally threaded at 2, for engagingan opening in thecylinder of the engine,'and just, above the threaded portion the casinghas an external surface 3, which is polygonal in cross section for theengagement of a wrench or the like to remove or insert the lug.

. This tubular casing l is of suihcient length to insure a substantialcolumn of air under ressure, so that a cushion is formed against whichthe explosion makes impact, thus pre- Figs. 3 and 4 are sections on-theline s venting the heated charge from reaching to the'main and insulatedportion of the'spark plug, and what may be said of the explosion, is lkewise true of the oil and grease and such other elements, suchascarbon, as wouldnaturally be forced to the plug under ex-l plosions,where a cushion chamber is not employed.

The upper end of the plug is enlarged both internally and externally toform in ternal and external annular shoulders 3 and 4. Just above theshoulder 3, the plug "is internally recessed to form an internal annularshoulder 5, and the said plug is internally threaded as shown at 6 atthe upper end of the recess.

A rod 7 of conducting material is arranged at the axis of the casing 1,and the saidgrod extends from the lower end of the said'ca's ing tobeyond the upper end thereof. At its lower end the rod is provided withan angular lug 8 which extends radially of the casing and slightlyupward as shown in Fig: 2 and into proximity to the inner surface of thecasing. i I

The rod is insulated from thecasing by. means of a cylindrical plug 9 ofporcelain or the like, the said plug having an external annular shoulder10, intermediate its endswhich engages the shoulder 5 to limit theinward movement of the plug with respect to the casing. A acking nut 11is threaded into v the casing at the upper endjto hold the plug inplace, the said packing nut having a flange 12 externally corrugated tofacilitatethe turning of the nut.

The plug has a central bore 13 through which the rod 7 extends and atthe lower end of the plug the bore is enlarged as shown at 14, andshoulders 15 and 16 are formed at the junction of the'enlarged portionwith the main portion of the bore.

The rod is provided with annular ribs 17 and 18, the former fittingagainst the shoulder 15, and the latter against the shoulder 16, and thesaid ribs limit the upward movement of the rod with respect to the plug.It will be noticed that the rod is threaded above the rib 18 and theupper end of the plug 9 is reduced, and the reduced portion is engagedby a metallic fitting 19 in theusual manner.

vided, for clamping the terminal 21 of the cable 22 that connects the{11mg with the source-of electrical energy between the said nuts and themetallic fitting 19, before mentioned.

A packing 23 is arranged on opposite sides of the shoulder 10 betweenthe shoulder 5 and the inner end of the packing nut 11. The said ackingbears against the shoulder 10 in oth dlrecticns so that the saidshoulder is engaged neither by the metallic shoulder 5 nor by themetallic inner end of the packingnut.

It will be noted that the tubular casing 1 extends a considerabledistance below the lower end of the plug 9, and that the wall of thatportion of the casing below the ribs 3 and 4 is very thin. In theordinary construction of spark plug, the lower end of the tubular casingis adjacent to the lower end of the insulating plug and the spark gap isadjacent to the said lower end of the plug. y

In the present construction the spark gap is spaced apart from the endof the plug.

- By this construction'a dead air chamber 1s provided between the sparkand the insulat: ing plug, wherein there is no combustion, and by thisarrangement the only heat that reaches the insulation is due to theconduction. Since'the greater portion of the easing 1 is in the openair, the casing will be cooled by the circulation of air so that but avery slight amount of heat will be imparted to the insulating plug.

The plug is thus protectedfrom heat and from carbon deposits. As isknown, the

-most destructive element that acts upon the spark plug is the heat ofthe explosion. The insulation is overheated and as it cools or as itbecomes heated it is very liable to crack, and the spark plug may beshort circuited from. a crack that is not visible on the outside. Withthe present construction, the insulation is removed from the heatedengine and is so placed that a free circulation of air may take placearound the same.

It will be evident that with a plug conaccount of the thinness of thatport on of.

the wall of the tubular casing between the engine and the insulation buta slight amount of heat will be conducted to the insulation byconduction. The air. that.cir-. culates around the outside of thetubular.

casing will receive the greater portion of the heat of conductionbeforeit reaches the insulation.

A spark-plug, including an insulating plug, a casing containing saidplug, an elongated rod or electrode extending longitudinally throughsaid casing with its lower end terminating at the lower end of saidcasing, the lower terminals. of said insulating plug and rod beingremotely spaced apart, means for sealing said plug within said casing,said casing having an elongated dead-air chamber therein between theplug and its attaching end, the walls of the deadair chamber of saidcasing being thinned or attenuated whereby the heat of conductionresulting from the sparking action will be neutralized by the outsidecold air, and thus bile prevented from reaching the insulating p uANTONE ALBERT ZALONDEK.

itnesses:

H. B. WELLES, H. L. KORIE.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe commissioner otl'at'ente, Washington, D. 03f

